Yeah, a dodgy master boot record.
Grab a copy of
knoppix and burn the image to a CD. This will give you a live installation of Linux - kinda like booting from a floppy disk used to work. It's not the sort of Linux anyone will ever use - LiveCDs are for either trying it out or, more importantly, system recovery. It's slow, and horrible, and no subsitute for a real install - but it's a good idea to have one of these around, even if you never intend to really use Linux. When you forget your windows password, or you need to recover data, or if you just need to fix something, it gives you a way in.
There are alternatives - if you've got a really old computer that can't handle a LiveCD, you have options like Freedos - but generally, a LiveCD is the easier bet. Also, a Linux live CD is better than a BSD live CD, because Linux has better generic drivers - weird hardware is less likely to trip it up.
Those scenes on the TV where someone is desperately trying to guess somebody's password? Forget about it - just boot from Knoppix instead.
The easiest way to get a command line is to press the penguin icon and click "Root Shell".
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mount
will give you details of all the drives detected on your system - you probably think you have one, and actually have three. That's the way my last two laptops were shipped, anyway.
This will output something like
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mount
proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev)
none on /sys/fs/cgroup type tmpfs (rw)
none on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw)
none on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw)
none on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw)
udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,mode=0755)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=0620)
tmpfs on /run type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,size=10%,mode=0755)
none on /run/lock type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,size=5242880)
none on /run/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
none on /run/user type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,size=104857600,mode=0755)
none on /sys/fs/pstore type pstore (rw)
/dev/sda1 on /boot type ext2 (rw)
binfmt_misc on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev)
systemd on /sys/fs/cgroup/systemd type cgroup (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,none,name=systemd)
Though yours will probably have fewer entries. You won't understand it, but anyone who uses Linux will. I don't have a Windows partiton, so there isn't one here, but you're generally looking for the smallest one with "type ntfs" or "type fat32" (which is, oddly, still a thing occasionally). From this, you can see my boot partition is sda1 (again, I don't have a Windows partition, so mine is ext2 - yours will be ntfs)
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dd if=/usr/lib/syslinux/mbr.bin of=/dev/sda1
will perform a low level repair of the master boot record. It will often work when Windows repair won't, because you've bypass a lot of cruft Windows needs and Linux doesn't to get this far. It does the same thing, in a very different way.
(And for anyone reading this who uses Linux, don't try this. This is for fixing Windows from Linux. If you're using Linux, just use your package manager to reconfigure grub/lilo).